Amelia Island is not only known for pristine beaches and natural beauty but also for its rich history. Downtown Fernandina Beach boasts a historic district of over 50 blocks listed on the National Register of Historic Places, showcasing more than 400 historic structures including homes, churches, and commercial buildings. Let’s take a walk down memory lane.

Architecture of The Past

Downtown Fernandina is a treasure trove of Victorian-era homes, showcasing intricate architectural details and a blend of styles that reflect the island’s diverse heritage. You’ll encounter grand Victorian homes adorned with wrap-around porches, ornate gingerbread trim, and colorful facades that transport you back to a bygone era. These homes offer a glimpse into the island’s affluent past and its evolution into the vibrant coastal community of today.

Queen Anne

The Bailey House, a prime example of Queen Anne architecture, stands proudly at the corner of Ash and 7th Street, dating back to its construction in 1885. Characterized by intricate Victorian-era details, it features three-story turreted bays on its front corners, expansive eaved porches facing south and east, and gables adorned with fish-scale shingles. Originally commissioned by Effingham W. Bailey as a wedding gift to his new bride, the house was designed by George W. Barber of Knoxville, Tennessee. Constructed from native heart pine, it boasts six fireplaces and Tiffany-style stained-glass windows. FUN FACT: Kate Bailey is remembered for saving the majestic oak in front her home in the late 19th century by famously defending it from being cut down in order to widen Ash Street. It is said she sat perched on her verandah with a shotgun, prompting the city to reroute the road to preserve what has became known as “Kate’s Tree”.

Tabby

The “Tabby House”, located at the corner of Ash and 7th Street, stands out for its unique construction material—tabby. Named after this distinctive method, which combines Portland cement with oyster shells, the house was built during the Golden Age, contrasting sharply with the Victorian homes more typical in its neighborhood. Designed by Robert Sands Schuyler, who also contributed to other Fernandina Beach buildings, it remains the sole surviving tabby house on the island. Tabby construction relies on abundant oyster shells, sourced from ancient middens left by indigenous tribes along Florida’s coast, highlighting a method of building that was uncommon for its time.

Classical Revival

Known as the “Crown Jewel of Centre Street”, The Lesesne House was built in 1860 by Dr. John F. Lesesne and is one of the oldest homes on the island. Constructed of hand-hewn lumber fastened with wooden pegs, this gorgeous old home seamlessly blends 18th-century charm with modern sophistication. After serving as a private residence for 165 years, it now hosts private events and weddings. Meticulously restored and furnished, The Lesesne House features formal dining rooms, parlors with museum-caliber artwork and antiques, and scenic outdoor spaces including a two-century-old Live Oak tree, sunlit courtyards, manicured lawns, and an elegant carriage house.

Preservation and Community Pride

Efforts to preserve these historic homes are evident throughout downtown ensuring that their unique character and historical significance are protected for future generations to enjoy. Guided tours and walking maps (pick one up at the Welcome Center) are available for visitors who want to learn more about these architectural gems, offering insights into the stories and personalities that shaped the island’s development over centuries.

Modern Adaptations and Cultural Significance

While deeply rooted in history, downtown Fernandina Beach has successfully mixed the old with the new and made it work. Renovated historic homes and buildings now house art galleries, restaurants, and boutiques, adding a contemporary flair while respecting the architectural roots. Events such as the annual Holiday Home Tour and Dickens on Centre showcase the island’s past and commitment to celebrating its cultural heritage.

Plan Your Visit

If you’re planning a trip to Amelia Island, don’t miss the opportunity to admire all these stately buildings – either alone or with a tour group. You may even want to stay in one of our lovely Bed & Breakfast Inns. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, architecture buff, or simply seeking a picturesque stroll, the charm and character of historic downtown are sure to take you to another time and place.